Chapter-by-Chapter Guide This book contains 21 chapters, divided into 5 logical parts (each with a technology theme), and 8 useful appendixes containing reference data and surveys of related technologies: Part I Part II Part III Part IV Part V Part VI Part I, describes the core technology of HTTP, the foundation of the Web, in four chapters.
3.3 PDF document
- Chapter-by-Chapter Guide This book contains 21 chapters, divided into 5 logical parts (each with a technology theme), and 8 useful appendixes containing reference data and surveys of related technologies: Part I Part II Part III Part IV Part V Part VI Part I, describes the core technology of HTTP, the foundation of the Web, in four chapters.
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To create a PDF document from R Markdown, you specify the
pdf_document
output format in the YAML metadata:Within R Markdown documents that generate PDF output, you can use raw LaTeX, and even define LaTeX macros. See Pandoc’s documentation on the raw_tex extension for details.
Note that PDF output (including Beamer slides) requires an installation of LaTeX (see Chapter 1).
3.3.1 Table of contents
You can add a table of contents using the
toc
option and specify the depth of headers that it applies to using the toc_depth
option. For example:If the TOC depth is not explicitly specified, it defaults to 3 (meaning that all level 1, 2, and 3 headers will be included in the TOC).
You can add section numbering to headers using the
number_sections
option:If you are familiar with LaTeX,
number_sections: true
means section{}
, and number_sections: false
means section*{}
for sections in LaTeX (it also applies to other levels of “sections” such as chapter{}
, and subsection{}
).3.3.2 Figure options
There are a number of options that affect the output of figures within PDF documents:
fig_width
andfig_height
can be used to control the default figure width and height (6x4.5 is used by default).fig_crop
controls whether thepdfcrop
utility, if available in your system, is automatically applied to PDF figures (this istrue
by default).- If you are using TinyTeX as your LaTeX distribution, we recommend that you run
tinytex::tlmgr_install('pdfcrop')
to install the LaTeX packagepdfcrop
. You also have to make sure the system packageghostscript
is available in your system forpdfcrop
to work. For macOS users who have installed Homebrew,ghostscript
can be installed viabrew install ghostscript
. - If your graphics device is
postscript
, we recommend that you disable this feature (see more info in the knitr issue #1365).
fig_caption
controls whether figures are rendered with captions (this isfalse
by default).dev
controls the graphics device used to render figures (defaults topdf
).
For example:
3.3.3 Data frame printing
You can enhance the default display of data frames via the
df_print
option. Valid values are presented in Table 3.3.Option | Description |
---|---|
default | Call the print.data.frame generic method |
kable | Use the knitr::kable() function |
tibble | Use the tibble::print.tbl_df() function |
For example:
3.3.4 Syntax highlighting
The
highlight
option specifies the syntax highlighting style. Its usage in pdf_document
is the same as html_document
(Section 3.1.4). For example:3.3.5 LaTeX options
Many aspects of the LaTeX template used to create PDF documents can be customized using top-level YAML metadata (note that these options do not appear underneath the
output
section, but rather appear at the top level along with title
, author
, and so on). For example:A few available metadata variables are displayed in Table 3.4 (consult the Pandoc manual for the full list):
Variable | Description |
---|---|
lang | Document language code |
fontsize | Font size (e.g., 10pt , 11pt , or 12pt ) |
documentclass | LaTeX document class (e.g., article ) |
classoption | Options for documentclass (e.g., oneside ) |
geometry | Options for geometry class (e.g., margin=1in ) |
mainfont, sansfont, monofont, mathfont | Document fonts (works only with xelatex and lualatex ) |
linkcolor, urlcolor, citecolor | Color for internal, external, and citation links |
3.3.6 LaTeX packages for citations
By default, citations are processed through
pandoc-citeproc
, which works for all output formats. For PDF output, sometimes it is better to use LaTeX packages to process citations, such as natbib
or biblatex
. To use one of these packages, just set the option citation_package
to be natbib
or biblatex
, e.g.3.3.7 Advanced customization
3.3.7.1 LaTeX engine
By default, PDF documents are rendered using
pdflatex
. You can specify an alternate engine using the latex_engine
option. Available engines are pdflatex
, xelatex
, and lualatex
. For example:The main reasons you may want to use
xelatex
or lualatex
are: (1) They support Unicode better; (2) It is easier to make use of system fonts. See some posts on Stack Overflow for more detailed explanations, e.g., https://tex.stackexchange.com/q/3393/9128 and https://tex.stackexchange.com/q/36/9128.3.3.7.2 Keeping intermediate TeX
R Markdown documents are converted to PDF by first converting to a TeX file and then calling the LaTeX engine to convert to PDF. By default, this TeX file is removed, however if you want to keep it (e.g., for an article submission), you can specify the
keep_tex
option. For example:Kafka The Definitive Guide Pdf
3.3.7.3 Includes
You can do more advanced customization of PDF output by including additional LaTeX directives and/or content or by replacing the core Pandoc template entirely. To include content in the document header or before/after the document body, you use the
includes
option as follows:Http The Definitive Guide Pdf
3.3.7.4 Custom templates
You can also replace the underlying Pandoc template using the
template
option:Consult the documentation on Pandoc templates for additional details on templates. You can also study the default LaTeX template as an example.
3.3.8 Other features
Similar to HTML documents, you can enable or disable certain Markdown extensions for generating PDF documents. See Section 3.1.10.4 for details. You can also pass more custom Pandoc arguments through the
pandoc_args
option (Section 3.1.10.5), and define shared options in _output.yml
(Section 3.1.11).